Cyberflora - Plants of the Central Wasatch Front

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partnerNumB Main Key / Complete ,FMP3FMP3 ,FMP3FMP3 keyNameB keyNameB Gray HD Main Key / Complete FMP3FMP3 Integration 1.1 2Gray HD:Botany:Integration 1.1:Main Key / Complete HBAM2016AUG95 Pro 5.0 s Macintosh Gray HD tened, with externally hairy appendages. Achenes moderately compressed, more or less 4-angled, with 2 acute and 2 obscure angles; pappus of 2 (rarely more) lanceolate, long-tapered, readil deciduous scales. herein descriptive poorly drained soils containin *<having acute marginal teeth project outward rather 7<not jointed usually applied grass rachis remains H*stem occurring above ground above water R<the sepals petals calyx corolla collectively alisA alisA alisA alisA alisA HBAM3016AUG95@ achene achlorophyllous acute adventive aerialF aerial stemF alkalineG alkaline soilG alpine alternate alveolate anastomosing androgynousL androgynous spikeL angiosperm annual annulus anterior anther anthocarp antrorse apetalous apical apiculate apomictic apomixis appendage appressed aquatic areole arrowhead-shaped articulate ascending asexual auricle auriculate-clasping awl-shaped axillary banner barbed basal basifixed basionym bearded berry bidentate biennial bifid bilaterallyv bilaterally symmetricalv binomial bipinnate biseriate bisexual bladdery blade bloom bloom bracteate bractlet bristle scale bulblet callus calyx calyx calyx capitate capsule dVeQdR 5/31/2004 ENTRY ENTRY LINK ENTRY NO GPHOTOLINK1 GPHOTOLINK2 GPHOTOLINK3 Name 1B Name 2B Name 3B ChangeU PicText Glossary More PicTextB (LIST VDEFA( Glossary Entries FMRLA FMRLA FMRLA FMRLA FMRLA FMRLA FMRLA FMRLA Picture1 CDB Picture2 CDC Picture3 CDD Text LinkE Wasatch SpeciesF Picture1 HDG Picture2 HDH Picture3 HD Any form of asexual reproduction, including propagation by vegetative means but, as used herein, referring to the production of viable seed without fertilization (agamospermy).C apomixisP B< Any secondary part jointed to or arising from any organ.C appendageE petal appendageN PicsP B) Pressed closely against another part.C appressedG 027-002N PicsP B, Living and usually reproducing in water.C aquaticG 009-020I 073-029N PicsP (pl. areoles). A small clearly defined space, the term generally referring to the spine-bearing areas on stems in the cactus family.C areoleN PicsP B: An appendage arising from or near the hilum of a seed.C arilP BV Long-triangular in outline with two downward curved basal lobes (compare hastate).C arrowhead-shapedE 068-009M arrowhead- shapedN PicsP articulateG 1129.045 sporophyteP A hollow appendage at the base of a sepal or petal, usually tubular and slender, often enclosing a nectary and serving as a reservoir for nectar.C spurE 112-002I 028-029M. spurN PicsP Bc A general term for the stem of any organ e.g., a petiole, peduncle, pedicel, filament, or stipeC stalk B` The male, pollen-producing organ of a flower consisting of an anther and usually a filament.C stamen Pertaining to a flower with one or more stamens but no functional pistils, or to an inflorescence consisting entirely of staminate flowers; male.C staminate B\(pl. staminodes). A modified stamen lacking anther sacs or not producing viable pollen.C staminode Star-shaped, usually applied to hairs having 3 or more branches radiating from a common center or to pubescence consisting of such hairs.C stellate SPORE B% In front of or on the front side.C anteriorP The pollen-producing portion of the stamen, usually borne at the tip of the filament and typically composed of two parts known as anther sacs or anther cells. They are not always yellowC antherE 008-028M" anther _____ filament ____N PicsP B? A fruit with the perianth or other floral parts persistent.C anthocarpP Directed forward or upward.C antrorseP Without petals.C apetalousG 020-020I 051-023N PicsP BX(pl. apices). The tip of an organ or the end farthest from the point of attachment.C apexP B" Pertaining to the apex or tip.C apicalP B% Ending abruptly in a small point.C apiculateE 076-009M apiculateN PicsP B< Reproducing asexually (without fusion of egg and sperm).C apomicticP Helvetica Geneva Verdana Webdings TextB EntryB Picture1B Photolink1B Photolink2B Photolink3B PicTextB A moreGlossB Entry LinkB Entry NoB OthersB gPhotolink1B gPhotolink2B Close Glossary A small, indehiscent, one-seeded fruit with a relatively thin wall (pericarp) that is fused to the seed only at the point of attachment to the placenta.C acheneG 077-029N PicsP 9B# In two distinct series or rows.C biseriateP :BQ Having stamens and pistils in a single flower, also referred to as "perfect".C bisexualP Thin and inflated.C bladderyG 033-004N PicsP <B: The usually flat, expanded portion of a leaf or petal.C bladeE blade clawN PicsP A thin white to bluish, waxy or powdery layer on the surface of a leaf, stem, fruit, or other plant part (easily removed by rubbing, making a part glaucous.C bloomG 013-031N Pics013-031N Picsre or less modified, often much-reduced, sometimes membranous leaf subtending an inflorescence, a flower, or a fruit.C bract ?B" Subtended by or having bracts.C bracteate A small bract.C bractlet AB A stiff, hairlike structure.C bristle BB/ An embryonic stem, branch, leaf, or flower.C CB< A specialized leaf enclosing leaf buds, usually of treesC bud scale A small bulb arising from a parent bulb or produced in a leaf axil or in place of a flower, capable of germinating and becoming a new plant.C bulbletP FBQ A general name for a prickly or spiny structure enveloping a seed or a fruit.C 0336.008M burN PicsP GBK A thickened, firm area; the hardened base of the lemma in many grasses.C callusP HBF(pl. calyces). All the sepals of a flower, whether free or fused.C calyxE lobe ___ tube _____ calyxN PicsP IBI The free apical portion of a sepal ina calyx of basally fused sepals.C calyx lobeE lobe ___ tube _____ calyx _____ calyx than one carpel. gPhotolink3B PhotoB Photos Photo 1B Photo 2B Photo 3B Y A saucer-shaped, cuplike, or tubular extension of the receptacle giving rise to sepals, petals, and stamens along its apical rim, often lined with a glandular disc, surrounding but free of the superior ovary in perigynous flowers and above the inferior ovary in epigynous ones (except in the family SAXIFRAGACEAE); also called a hypanthium. floral tube, hypanthiumE 113-004M floral tubeN PicsP BS The individual flower of a grass, including the lemma and palea (see spikelet).C floretE anther stigma ovary palea lemmaN PicsP Flower-bearing.C floriferousP Leaflike.C foliaceousP A dry fruit formed from a single carpel (simple pistil), usually containing more than one seed, and opening along one suture at maturity.C follicleE follicle milkweed monkshoodN PicsP S.X/39 ihtMB WhVT` w &IK)M s_<]k +q1*}8 =Q;j7 Z A saucer-shaped, cuplike, or tubular extension of the receptacle giving rise to sepals, petals, and stamens along its apical rim, often lined with a glandular disc, surrounding but free of the superior ovary in perigynous flowers and above the inferior ovary in epigynous ones (except in the family SAXIFRAGACEAE); also called a floral tube. hypanthium, floral tubeE 113-004M floral tubeN PicsP (pl. "caryopses"). The one-seded, indehiscent fruit of grasses, the seed coat fused to the ovary wall throughout, e.g. a "kernel" of cornC caryopsisP A spike or spikelike inflorescence, often pendulous, bearing small, unisexual, apetalous flowers, these often subtended by minute bracts or scales.C catkinE 0336.075M( catkinsN PicsP (pl. "caudices"). The largely underground, persistent, more or less vertical, sometimes branching, often woody base of an otherwise herbaceous stem, often densely clothes in old leaf bases, each season producing new flowering stems.C caudexP Ring, often woody base of an otherwise herbaceous stem, often densely clothes in old leaf bases, each season producing new flowering stems.C caudex Rse herbaceous stem, often densely clothes in old leaf bases, each season producing new flowering stems.C caudex Rstems.C caudex esC Bud scale RB! Having an aerial, leafy stem.C caulescentP SB- Pertaining to or borne on an aerial stem.C caulineP TB9 Ten millimeters, approximately two-fifths of an inch.C centimeterP UB3 Bearing thin, dry, membranous scales or bracts.C chaffyP VB= As used herein, the one or more cavities within an ovary.C chamberE chamberN PicsP 86resP WB4 Having the texture of stiff paper, not leaflike.C chartaceous XBR Applied to a flower that opens prior to pollination (compare "cleistogamous").C chasmogamous YB} The green pigment characterisitc of plants that produce their own carbohydrates; a compound necessary for photosynthesis.C chlorophyll Threadlike structures composing the cell nucleus, carrying the genes in a linear order, and controlling the hereditary properties of an organism.C chromosome [B& Having a marginal fringe of hairs.C ciliate loment malodorous marginal margined mealy megasporangium megaspore membranous mericarp merous mesic mesocarp meter microsporangium microspore midnerve millimeter monadelphous monocotyledon monoecious monotypic montane mucro mucronate naked naturalized nectary nerve nerved nutlet obcompressed obcordate oblanceolate oblique oblong obovate obovoid obsolete obtuse opposite orbicular ovary ovate ovoid ovule palate palea palmate panicle paniculate papilionaceous papilla papillose pappus parallel-veined parasite parted pectinate pedicel pedicelled peduncle peduncled peltate pendulous perennial perfoliate ZB] Deeply cut, usually applied to a leaf divided more than halfway to the center or midvein.C partedP Comblike.C pectinateP \Bm A stalk supporting a single flower within an inflorescence or a spikelet in the inflorescence of a grass.C pedicelP Stalked, not sessile.C pedicelledP ^B: The stalk of an inflorescence or of a solitary flower.C peduncleP Borne on a peduncle.C peduncledP `B[ Mushroom-shaped: a more or less flat body having a stalk attached to the lower surface.C peltateE peltate leaf N PicsP eeded interior and a thin, leathery rind, e.g., a cucumber.C cB/ A plant that lives for more than two years.C perennial dBU With the leaf surrounding the stem or with opposite leaves fused around the stem.C perfoliateG 029-014 \BI(pl. "cilia"). One of usually multiple hairs marginally on an organ.C ciliumP As used herein, pertaining to the distribution of a plant in the arctic regions, high mountains, and plains of the Northern Hemisphere of both the New and the Old World.C circumborealP As used herein, pertaining to the distribution of a plant occurring in the polar regions and high mountains of each hemisphereC circumpolarP _BR Opening by an encircling transverse line, the top portion coming off as a lid.C circumscissileE circumscissile capsuleN PicsP Joining and partly surrounding another structure, usually applied to a sessile leaf with basal lobes partly surrounding the stem (see "auriculate-clasping").C claspingE 031-009M clasping leavesN PicsP ts; deeply cut, as the margin of a leaf.C cleft crgin of a leaf.C cleft cChaffy B& Having or resembling an involucre.C involucrateP One or more whorls of bracts (rarely a single bract, as in JUNCACEAE) closely subtending an inflorescence, a cluster of flowers, or occasionally a solitary flower.C involucreE involucreN PicsP BE A site at which separation occurs naturally leaving a clean scar.C jointG 053-018P 2) in Fabaceae, the lower pair of more or less united petals (see papilio naceous); 3) the dorsal edge formed by the midrib of the laterally compressed lemma of a grass floret ( see spikelet ) . B( Irregularly cut or cleft as if torn.C lacerate B~ Lance-shaped; at least twice as long as wide, usually rounded at the base, and tapering from below the middle to the apex.C lanceolate B6 Pertaining to or situated on the side of an organ.C lateral B, A unit in a compound leaf (see pinnate).innate). A Find Link Close A:Most concerned with resetting parameters for next opening.B "Change" Change Enter 0,3s? BZ Hairs that are somewhat flattened, twisted, curled, or kinky, and often multicellular.C crinkled hairsP B3 Pubescent with irregularly curled, short hairs.C crisp-hairyP 1) That region of a plant where the shoot emerges from the root; 2) a whorl of appendages in the throat of a corolla; 3) the top or head of a tree.C crownP (pl. cyathia). A unit of the inflorescence unique to Euphorbia, consisting of a cuplike structure from within which arise one female and several male flowers, the cup typically bearing glands along its apical rim, these sometimes having petaloid appendages. cyathiumE 014-016M capsule stamen gland petaloid appendageN Picslower cluster in which the terminal flower blooms first.C cymeE cymee B] Regularly pitted, the pits separated by thin partitions as in the surface of a honeycomb.C alveolateP BM Rejoining after branching, usually applied to veins of a leaf or a sepal.C anastomosingE anastomosing veinsN PicsP A spike (in Carex) with both staminate and pistillate flowers, the staminate above the pistillate (compare gynaecandrous spike). androgynous spikeP n an ovary; a member of the division Magnoliophyta (compare gymnosperm).C angiosperm A plant completing its life cycle and dying at the end of a single growing season. A winter annual germinates in the fall and completes its life cycle the following spring.C annual A ring-shaped structure, in typical ferns composed of a band of thick-walled cells surrounding the sporangium, shrinking when dry and forcing the spore case open.C annulusE bract bracteate bractlet branch bristle scale bulblet callus calyx calyx calyx capitate capsule carpel carpophore caryopsis catkin caudex caulescent cauline centimeter chaffy chamber chartaceous chasmogamous chlorophyll chromosome ciliate cilium circumboreal circumpolar circumscissile clasping cleft cleistogamous clinal clinal variation clone collar colonial column commissure flower foliaceous follicle forage frond fruit funnelform fusiform galea gametophyte genetic germinate gibbous glabrate glabrous gland glandular glaucous globose glochid glume glutinous gymnosperm gynaecandrous gynaecandrous spike gynobase habit habitat hairs halophyte hastate haustoria herbaceous herbage heterostylous hilum homonym hypanthium hypanthium floral hypogynous imbricate incised included indehiscent indumentum indusium inferior inferior ovary inflated inflorescence infraspecific inter internode intra introgression involucel involucral involucral bract involucrate involucre joint lacerate lanceolate lateral Without bracts.C ebracteateP BK The study of the relationships between organisms and their environment.C ecologyP Without glands.C eglandularP BK Elliptic in long section and circular in cross section (3-dimensional).C ellipsoidP In the form of an ellipse, that is, essentially broadest in the center, equal and rounded to tapered at the ends (2-dimensional).C ellipticE ellipticN PicsP B- Confined to a particular geographic area.C endemicP BN The innermost layer of the wall of a fruit (compare exocarp and mesocarp).C endocarpP BN Undivided; having margins without teeth or lobes, not in any way indented.C entireE entire leaf marginsN PicsP , essentially broadest in the center, equal and rounded to tapered at the ends (2-dimensional).C ellipticE B- Confined to a particular geographic area.C endemic flower discoid dissected distal distinct divaricate divergent divided dolabriform dorsal dorsiventral drupe drupelet ebracteate ecology eglandular ellipsoid elliptic endemic endocarp entire ephemeral epidermis epigynous epipetalous epiphyte epithet equitant erose evergreen exfoliating exocarp exserted exstipulate fascicle fascicled fertile fertilization fibrous fibrous system filament fleshy flexuous flora floral floral hypanthium floret floriferous erous iferous iferous erous riferous ferous oriferous floret floriferous MOREGLOSS NAME 1 NAME 2 NAME 3 OTHERS PHOTO PHOTO 1 PHOTO 2 PHOTO 3 PHOTOLINK1 PHOTOLINK2 PHOTOLINK3 PICTEXT PICTURE1 TextB EntryB Picture1B Photolink1B Photolink2B Photolink3B PicTextB A moreGlossB Entry LinkB Entry NoB OthersB gPhotolink1B gPhotolink2 B+ With an irregular margin, as if gnawed.C eroseG 0336.037N PicsP B* Remaining green throughout the winter.C evergreenP B( Peeling or shredding in thin layers.C exfoliatingP BO The outermost layer of the wall of a fruit (compare mesocarp and endocarp).C exocarpP Bs Projecting beyond a surrounding structure, often referring to stamens or styles that extend beyond the corolla.C exsertedG 056-002N PicsP Without stipules.C exstipulateP A tight bundle or cluster.C fascicleG 046-018N PicsP B6 In tight clusters, as the roots of some larkspurs.C fascicledE fascicledN PicsP B> Applied to pollen-bearing stamens and seed bearing fruits.C fertileP BN The union of male and female gametes, not to be confused with pollination.C fertilizationP 197lizationP 197lizationP 197lizationP 197ilization 5 A 1-several-seeded fruit of the mustard family, not more than three times as long as wide, formed from a superior ovary of 2 carpels, the 2 valves usually deciduous from the base upward, leaving a membranous partition (replum) framed by a seed-bearing placenta persistent on the pedicel (compare silique). silicleE 049-011I 032-031M( valve replum silicle PicsP A few- to many-seeded fruit of BRASSICACEAE, comparable to a silicle but more than three times as long as wide (compare silicle).C siliqueE 082-014I 052-032MX valves replum siliqueN PicsP 020-024 020-036 022-003 022-007 022-021 026-008 027-002 027-010 028-007 028-019 028-027 029-014 029-030 031-004 031-009 031-013 032-030 033-004 033-033 0336.008 0336.037 0336.075 035-007 039-012 040-029 041-003 041-016 041-018 041-025 041-036 042-006 043-016 043-034 045-016 046-007 046-013 046-018 049-008 049-011 050-010 050-011 051-010 052-014 053-018 054-015 0546.085 056-002 060-013 064-007 065-019 066-010 067-030 068-009 069-011 070-001 072-014 073-005 073-009 074-035 075-004 075-029 075-030 076-001 076-009 077-023 077-029 078-001 078-017 078-022 080-006 080-009 080-012 081-026 082-014 085-015 086-031 087-010 088-015 088-016 094-011 096-023 0976.091 A minute organ secreting a usually sticky fluid, borne on virtually any plant structure, often on a short stalk or at the tip of a hair, sometimes sessile or situated at the base of a depression.C glandP B9 Bearing one or more glands or functioning as a gland.C glandularP Covered with a fine, waxy, powderlike substance imparting a whitish or bluish cast to a surface, this readily removed by rubbing (see also bloom).C glaucousP Spherical or round.C globoseP A barbed hair or bristle, usually applied to the small bristles arising from the areoles of stems of the prickly pear cactus.C glochidP BG One of a pair of bracts subtending a grass spikelet (see spikelet).C glumeE glumeN PicsP A plant characterized by naked ovules that, is, the ovules not enclosed in an ovary; a member of the division Pinophyta (compare angiospermj.C gymnosperm B[ Widest at the middle, round in cross section, and tapering to each end (3-dimensional).C fusiformP Ba The narrowly elongate to helmet-shaped upper corolla lip in some species of SCROPHULARIACEAE.C galeaE 133-015M% galea tube corollaN PicsP As used herein, the plant body of the inconspicuous generation of ferns and fern allies that produces male and female reproductive cells (compare sporophyte).C gametophyteP Bh A unit of inheritance controlling a particular trait, carried on and transmitted by the chromosomes.C geneP That which is inherited.C geneticted.C genetic To resume growth, usually applied to a seed or a spore.C germinate BL Pouched or swollen on one side, usually at or near the base of an organ.C gibbousE gibbous corollaN .. pictures Becoming glabrous with age.C glabrate Without hairs.C glabrous An annual, biennial, or perennial plant lacking a persistent woody stem above ground; the aerial stems dying back to the ground or nearly so at the end of each growing season.C herbP BI 1) Having the characteristics of an herb; 2) green and leaflike.C herbaceousP B] The stems, leaves, or other vegetative parts of an herb or the leaves of a shrub or tree.C herbageP Having styles of different lengths in flowers of different individuals of the same species, some longer, some shorter than the stamens.C heterostylousP B2 The scar at the point of attachment of a seed.C hilumE hilumN PicsP Ae The fruiting structure of a rose (Rosa) consisting of a fleshy floral tube enclosing the achenes. 016-007N PicsP t based on a different type specimen.C homonym leaflet legume lemma lenticel lenticular ligule linear linear Bx A plant having its ovules (seeds) enclosed in an ovary; a member of the division Magnoliophyta (compare gymnosperm).C angiospermP A plant completing its life cycle and dying at the end of a single growing season. A winter annual germinates in the fall and completes its life cycle the following spring.C annualP A ring-shaped structure, in typical ferns composed of a band of thick-walled cells surrounding the sporangium, shrinking when dry and forcing the spore case open.C annulusE spore annulus sporangiumN PicsP B+ Below the level of or within a species.C infraspecificP A prefix meaning between.C inter-P B, The portion of a stem between two nodes.C internodeE node internodeN PicsP A prefix meaning within.C intra-P B[ Hybridization between species followed by successive backcrosses to one of the parents.C introgressionP A secondary involucre subtending the pedicels of an umbellet in a compound umbel, as in many species of APIACEAE (see umbel).C involucelP B- One of the bracts making up an involucre.C involucral bractP an involucre.C involucral bract ing up an involucre.C involucral bract et in a compound umbel, as in many species of Apiaceae (see umbel).C involucel B- One of the bracts making up an involucre.C involucral bract f many ferns.C Indusium @BdI& BBdI' BBdI' ""dH% !"dI% BP Dotted with pits or depressed, translucent glands, usually of pinpoint size.C punctateG 094-011N PicsP BG Terminating in a rigid, sharp point capable of puncturing the skin.C pungentP BY With small elevated blobs or pimplelike processes, often at the base of coarse hairs.C pustuloseP An inflorescence of subequally pedicelled flowers arising at intervals along a primary axis, the lowermost flower blooming first.C racemeE 027-010I 053-005M racemeN PicsP B/ Racemelike, in racemes, or bearing racemes.C racemoseP BJ The axis of the spikelet in grasses and in some sedges (see spikelet).C rachillaP BH The main axis, as in a compound pinnate leaf or in an inflorescence.C rachisP B6 Having the symmetry of a wheel (see frontispiece).C radially symmetricalP A prefix meaning one.C mono-P 0BW Any of the class Liliopsida, characterized by the possession of a single cotyledon.C monocotyledonP 1B] Having unisexual flowers, both the staminate and pistillate borne on a single individual.C monoeciousP 2BM Having a single type or representative, as a genus with only one species.C monotypicP 3B) Pertaining to or living in mountains.C montaneP 4B\ A short, acute or blunt tip on an otherwise more or less rounded organ (usually a leaf).C mucroE mucronateN PicsP Having a mucro.C mucronateE mucronateN PicsP es, the margins rounded or acute.C Lenticular The appendage produced on the inner side of a leaf blade at its junction with the sheath in most grasses and in some sedges.C Ligule blade at its junction with the sheath in most grasses and in some sedges.C Ligule A suffix indicating division into parts, usually preceded by a number (e.g., 5-merous) referring to sepals, petals, and stamens, unless otherwise indicated.C -merousP Moderately moist.C mesicP (BK The middle layer of the wall of a fruit (compare exocarp and endocarp).C mesocarpP )B, Ten decimeters; approximately 39 inches.C meterP *B< A sporangium producing microspores (see megasporangium).C microsporangiumE micro- mega- sporangium sporangium sporophylls of Selaginella PicsP midnerve -BI One-tenth of a centimeter; approximately one-twenty-fifth of an inch.C millimeter Fused into a single structure, usually applied to stamens united by their filaments into a tube around the style, as in Fabaceae and Malvaceae.C monadelphous The sepals and petals (calyx and corolla) collectively, the term frequently used when sepals and petals are not clearly differentiated (see frontispiece).C perianthP fBN A tubular structure formed by the fusion of alternating sepals and petals.C perianth tubeP The wall of the ripened ovary, that is, the wall of the fruit, appearing to be the outer wall of the seed when the ovary is 1-ovuled, as in an achene and a utricle.C pericarpP A specialized bract modified into a thin to somewhat leathery, saclike structure enclosing the ovary, unique to the genus Carex. perigyniumE perigyniumN Picsh the sepals, petals, and stamens arising at the summit of a floral tube, the latter surrounding but not fused with the superior ovary.C perigynousE floral perigynous tube flower CBC Having parallel sides, with equal and more or less obtuse ends.C oblongP DBa The reverse of ovate, broadest above the middle and narrowed toward the base (2-dimensional).C obovateE obovateN PicsP EBD The reverse of ovoid, the broad end at the apex (3-dimensional).C obovoidP FBL So reduced as to be scarcely perceptible or having entirely disappeared.C obsoleteP GB> Narrowly rounded, usually applied to the apex of an organ.C obtuseE obtuseN PicsP 1) Situated directly across from each other as two leaves at the same node; 2) in front of, as a stamen in front of a petal.C oppositeP IB% Circular or nearly so in outline.C orbicularP Broadly elliptic.C ovalP KBQ The expanded basal portion of the pistil enclosing the ovules of angiosperms.C ovaryE pistil B; Separate or free, e.g., petals not fused to each other.C distinctP B# Widely spreading from the axis.C divaricateP B2 Extending away from an axis or from each otherC divergentP BO Deeply cut into nearly distinct parts, as a leaf cut nearly to the midvein.C dividedP Shaped like the head of a pick, applied to a subsessile, 2-rayed hair attached at the middle or at some point along the length and free at both endsC dolabriformE dolabriformN PicsP Pertaining to or situated on the back or outer surface of an organ, that is, the surface facing away from the main axis (compare ventral).C dorsalE ventral dorsalN PicsP BB Flattened to some degree, with a dorsal and a ventral surface.C dorsiventralP gments.C DissectedG 3130.040 B2 Opposite or away from the point of attachment.C Distal stamen wedge-shaped@ legume becoming strongly constricted jointed flower cluster flower-bearing portion plant fruit perianth other floral parts persistent mature ripened ovary persistent accessory parts plant completing cycle dying plant having ovules seeds enclosed ovary membe plant lives years relatively short stout appendage terminal organ which separation occurs naturally leaving clean slightly raised circular linear pattern hardened lemma appendage arising hilum )<any member class pinopsida consisting chiefly oBc The evolutionary history of a group; the evolutionary history of the relationship among groups.C phylogenyP pBj(pl. pinnae). As used herein, one of the primary lateral divisions of a pinnately compound fern leaf.C pinnaP qBj With two rows of like parts (e.g., leaflets or veins) arranged on either side of a main axis (rachis).C pinnateP rBp A leaf with two rows of leaflets, one row on either side of a main axis or rachis (synonymous with pinnate).C pinnately compound leafE pinnately compound leaf leaflet rachis petiole axillary budN PicsP sBV Shallowly to deeply lobed in a pinnate manner but not divided into distinct parts.C pinnatifidE 041-003M, pinnatifidN PicsP B= Lasting for only a short time, usually for a day or less.C ephemeralP BG The outermost layer of cells of any part of the primary plant body.C epidermisP 1) With the perianth and stamens arising at some point above an ovary that is embedded in or fused with the receptacle or other floral parts, that is, with the ovary inferior; 2) on top of the ovary, as a disc (compare hypogynous and perigynous).C epigynousE M]stamen perianth ovary receptacleN PicsP B' Arising from the corolla or petals.C epipetalousE epipetalousN PicsP B| A plant growing without connection to the soil, usually upon another plant, but deriving neither food nor water from it.C epiphyteP BI A name below the rank of genus, that is, a specific or varietal name.C epithetP Bp Applied to an individual with cells whose chromosomes occur in like sets of three or more (compare diploid).C polyploidP A fleshy, indehiscent fruit with a "core" (e.g., an apple), derived from a compound inferior ovary, the fleshy layer formed from receptacle tissue, the core derived from the ovary, the endocarp papery or bony and enclosing the seeds in several partially connected chambers. pomeE 041-018M pomeN PicsP A small, sharp-tipped, often hooked outgrowth from the superficial tissues of the stem internode, that is, from the epidermis or the cortex, not associated with the conducting tissues of the stem.C prickleE 035-007M prickleN PicsP development, or size.C primary Any projecting appendage.C process Trailing on the ground.C procumbent Lying flat on the ground.C prostrateG 076-001 NBZ The body within the ovary that develops into the seed after fertilization (see ovary).C ovuleP An often inflated or elevated area on the lower lip of a 2-lipped corolla that partially or completely closes the throat, occurring in some species of Scrophulariaceae, e.g., the snapdragon.C palateP The inner and usually the smaller of the pair of bracts typically subtending the individual grass flower, often partly enclosed by the lemma (see floret).C paleaP QBp Radiating outward from a common point, as leaflets, lobes, or veins radiating from the base of a leaf blade.C palmateE palmately lobedN PicsP RBH A branched inflorescence whose primary axis supports secondary axes.C panicleE 075-030M panicleN PicsP B; To resume growth, usually applied to a seed or a spore.C germinateP BL Pouched or swollen on one side, usually at or near the base of an organ.C gibbousE gibbous corollaN PicsP Becoming glabrous with age.C glabrateP Without hairs.C glabrousP Borne in a panicle.C paniculateP Applied to the corolla unique to Fabaceae, composed of an upper banner petal, two lateral wing petals, and two partly fused keel petals.C papilionaceousE 022-007M banner wings keel papilionaceous corolla N PicsP UB1(pl. papillae). A minute rounded projection.C papillaE papilla papilloseN PicsP Bearing papillae.C papilloseE papilla papilloseN PicsP The modified calyx at the apex of the ovary or achene in Asteraceae, consisting of bristles, scales, or awns, sometimes reduced to a small crown.C pappusE 080-009M! pappus acheneN PicsP IC ORBICULAR Pro 3.0F! Pro 5.0 - 6.0M1 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday January February March April August September October November December 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter BY Having unisexual flowers, the staminate and pistillate borne on separate individuals.C dioeciousG 0976.091N PicsP Bl Applied to an individual with cells whose chromosomes occur in a set of like pairs (compare polyploidy).C diploidP B' To separate at a joint at maturity.C disarticulateP 1) An often fleshy or glandular enlargement of the receptacle surrounding the base of the ovary; 2) in Asteraceae, the central part of the head when it bears disc rather than ray flowers.C discP BP A flower in Asteraceae with a tubular, usually radially symmetrical corolla.C disc flowerE M_ style anthers disc flower pappus acheneN PicsP BW Deeply and often repeatedly divided into numerous, usually fine or narrow segments.C dissectedG 3130.040 B2 Opposite or away from the point of attachment.C distal compound compound compound pistil concave concentric concolorous conic conifer coniferous connective connivent conspecific constricted continuous contracted convex cordate corolla corona cortex corymb cotyledon crenate crest crinkled crinkled hairs crisp-hairy crown cyathium cymose cytology deciduous decimeter decumbent decurrent deflexed dehiscent dendritic dentate depauperate depressed diadelphous dichotomous dicotyledon didymous didynamous dilated dimorphic dioecious diploid disarticulate B$ Possessing or resembling fibers.C fibrousP A root system comprised of several to numerous, usually slender roots about equal in size, arising at approximately the same site, and branching dendritically.C fibrous root systemE fibrous root systemN PicsP BT The usually slender portion of the stamen that supports the anther (see stamen).C filamentP Thick and somewhat juicy.C fleshyG 031-004N PicsP B/ Bending alternately in opposite directions.C flexuousP Bl 1) The aggregate of plants of a particular region; 2) a work systematically describing such plants.C floraP ation.C Fertilizationle and female gametes, not to be confused with pollination.C Fertilization Applied to pollen-bearing stamens and seed bearing fruits.C Fertile BN The union of male and female gametes, not to be confused with pollination.C Fertilization WB4 Having the texture of stiff paper, not leaflike.C chartaceousP XBR Applied to a flower that opens prior to pollination (compare "cleistogamous").C chasmogamousP YB} The green pigment characterisitc of plants that produce their own carbohydrates; a compound necessary for photosynthesis.C chlorophyllP Threadlike structures composing the cell nucleus, carrying the genes in a linear order, and controlling the hereditary properties of an organism.C chromosomeP [B& Having a marginal fringe of hairs.C ciliateP xeric 001-028 004-028 005-012 008-026 008-028 008-029 009-004 009-020 009-022 010-019 011-014 012-030 013-002 013-012 013-031 013-035 014-008 014-016 015-035 016-004 016-007 016-008 016-009 016-033 016-034 017-012 018-011 020-020 3-004 0336.002 0336.008 0336.037 0336.075 035-007 041-018 041-036 043-016 043-034 046-007 0546.085 067-030 075-030 076-001 080-006 080-009 088-015 094-011 0969.034 0975.085 0976.091 0988.085 1129.012 1129.026 1129.045 1591.057 1591.086 1826.016 1826.018 2205.004 2213.068 2213.072 2213.082 2213.087 2436.050 2436.060 2781.003 3092.005 3092.044 3092.052 3130.040 3130.044 3150.062 3540.012 3540.062 3604.009 3869.060 4194.040 4194.049 001-016 013-010 053-018 B# Lacking chlorophyll, not green.C achlorophyllousG 043-016N PicsP B9 Having a pointed end forming less than a right angle.C acuteE acuteN PicsP BK Applied to a recently introduced plant that is not locally established.C adventiveP B/ Stem occurring above ground or above water.C aerial stemG 014-008N PicsP As used herein, descriptive of poorly drained soils containing appreciable quantities of various sodium salts and a negligible quantity of sodium chloride, often with a pH over 8.5.C alkaline soilP B5 Applied to plants growing at or above timberline.C alpineG 072-014N PicsP Arising singly at intervals, as the leaves on a stem; applied to one structure arising regularly between structures of another kind, as stamens alternate with petals.C alternateE alternate leavesN PicsP BC With parts overlapping like shingles on a roof (see involucre).C imbricateP B6 Having deeply and usually irregularly cut margins.C incisedP Bt Not protruding beyond the surrounding structure, usually applied to stamens and styles shorter than the corolla.C includedG 122-019I 021-029N PicsP ne or a drupe.C indehiscent B;(also indument) Any hairy, scurfy, or mealy covering. C indumentum Bd(pl. indusia). An epidermal outgrowth or modified leaf margin covering the sorus of many ferns.C indusiumE indusium on a portion of a fern leaf An ovary embedded in the receptacle with the sepals, petals, and stamens arising at or above its apex, characteristic of such families as APIACEAE, CAMPANULACEAE, and ONAGRACEAE (see epigynous).C inferior ovaryE 069-011I 113-004M3 stamen petal sepal inferior ovary Blown up; bladderlike.C inflated B_ As used herein, applied to plants stunted or dwarfed because of an unfavorable environment.C depauperateP B Flattened, as if from above.C depressedP B! Prefix meaning two or double.C B4 In two sets, applied to the stamens in Fabaceae.C diadelphousE diadelphousN PicsP BL Forking more or less regularly into paired branches of about equal size.C dichotomousE dichotomousN PicsP B\ Any member of the class Magnoliopsida characterized by the possession of two cotyledons.C dicotyledonP Bs Twinlike or paired, often formed of two equal parts attached to each other by a small portion of their surface.C didymousE didymousN PicsP B5 Flattened and broadened, as an expanded filament.C dilated B# Having two morphological forms.C dimorphic leafletP BE The mark left on the stem or branch after a leaf has fallen away.C leaf scarP 1) A dry fruit, unique to FABACEAE, composed of a simple carpel usually splitting lengthwise along two sutures at maturity; 2) a plant of the family FABACEAE.C legumeE 016-034I 013-010M legumeN PicsP The lower and usually the larger of the pair of bracts generally subtending an individual grass flower, 1-many-nerved, often enclosing not only the flower but the other bract, the palea (see floret); sometimes the lemma sterile and appearing to be an extra glume. lemmaE lemmaN PicsP loosely arranged, corky cells.C lenticel BJ Shaped like a lens convex on both sides, the margins rounded or acute.C lenticular The appendage produced on the inner side of a leaf blade at its junction with the sheath in most grasses and in some sedges.es. bract@ compound@ disc@ flower@ leaf@ lobe@ perianth@ scale@ symmetrical@ 016-034 020-024@ 098-009@ alisA alisA alisA alisA alisA alisA NAME@ alisA PTFR@ alisA RPTH@ alisA PTFR@ alisA PTFR@ alisA NAME@ alisA NAME@ alisA PTFR@ alisA PTFR@ alisA NAME@ alisA RPTH@ alisA RPTH@ alisA NAME@ Lacking a structure which is usually or often present, e.g., a flower lacking a perianth or, in Asteraceae, a receptacle without receptacular bracts.C nakedP 7Ba Thoroughly established, sometimes occupying native habitats, but originating in another area.C naturalizedP 8B" An organ that secretes nectar.C nectaryP 9BB A prominent longitudinal vein or rib of a leaf or other organ.C nerveP Having one or more nerves.C nervedP ;B. The leaf- or bud-bearing region on a stem.C nodeE nodeN PicsP e or compound ovary with a hard, woody pericarp.C A small nut.C nutlet >BB Prefix meaning in reverse, upside down, or contrary to normal.C ?BS Flattened other than the usual way, e.g , dorsiventrally rather than laterally.C obcompressed @BM The reverse of cordate, with two rounded apical lobes and a tapered base.se. -A#<< AFAAABADABAC>> << AFAAABADABAD>> OpenB The female, ovule-bearing organ of a flower, composed of one or more carpels, and usually differentiated into an ovary, style, and stigma (see frontispiece).C pistilP Pertaining to a flower with one or more pistils but no functional stamens, or to an inflorescence consisting entirely of pistillate flowers; female.C pistillateP vB_ The central region of a stem or twig, composed of soft tissue made up of thin-walled cells.C pithE pithN PicsP wBB Having more or less regularly distributed pits or depressions.C pittedP xBM The tissue within an ovary to which the ovules are attached (see legume).C placentaP yB@ Flat on one surface and rounded to some degree on the other.C planoconvexP zBj Resembling a feather, with fine, divergent-ascending hairs arising in opposite rows along a main axis.C plumoseE plumoseN PicsP The mass of male reproductive structures (pollen grains) of seed plants, produced in the anther of an angiosperm or in the microsporangium of a gymnosperm, eventually giving rise to the male gamete involved in fertilization.C pollenP |Bp The transfer of pollen from the dehiscing anther to a receptive site, not to be confused with fertilization.C pollinationP (pl. pollinia). A mass of waxy or coherent pollen grains transported as a unit during pollination, as in many orchids and milLweeds.C polliniumE pollinia of a milkweedN PicsP ~B< Nearly dioecious, but with some of the flowers bisexual.C polygamo-dioeciousP B= Nearly monoecious, but with some of the flowers bisexual.C polygamo-monoeciousP BK A species having bisexual and unisexual flowers on the same individual.C polygamousP B' Having diverse morphological forms.C polymorphicG 121-032N PicsP Startup Close Enter Scroll List Find Link Startup A=Based on entering from main program, rather than stand-alone. Scroll List "Change" ChangeD *NAME MARIA Photo Data CD.fp3 MSPCA NAMEA Photo Data CD.fp5 KRPTH MSPCA NAMEA Wasatch Species.fm RPTHA Wasatch Species.fm MARIA Wasatch Species.fp3 MSPCA NAMEA Wasatch Species RPTHA Wasatch Species MARIA Photo Data HD.fp3 MSPCA NAMEA Photo Data HD RPTHA Photo Data HD Photo Library *Project CD:Photo Library:Photo Data CD.fp3 G4 Dual Project CD William Gray .iomegaDriverSCSI_0.4 v6.0.8 BB Applied to an herb having the lower stem woody to some degree.C suffrutescentG 045-016N PicsP An ovary attached to the receptacle only at its base, otherwise free of all flower parts; present in either hypogynous or perigynous flowers.C superior ovaryE superior ovary hypogynous flower in cross sectionN PicsP B] The line formed at the site of fusion between parts in the natural course of development.C sutureP BE Occupying the same geographic region or the same general habitat.C sympatricP B4 With the petals fused, at least toward the base.C sympetalousP Bj In rows, especially vertical ones, e.g., 2-ranked leaves are in two vertical rows, as in most grasses.C rankedP Bw 1) The strap-shaped corolla of a ray flower in Asteraceae; 2) one of the primary branches of a compound umbel.C 001-016N PicsP BS A flower having a strap-shaped corolla, as in Asteraceae (compare disc flower).C ray flowerE 012-030M| style anthers ray pappus bisexual ray flower acheneN PicsP the receptacle and subtending each of the flowers borne in a head as in some members of Asteraceae and Dipsacaceae.C receptacular bract B! Curved backwards or downward.C recurvedG 018-011 Abruptly bent downward.C reflexedG 028-027 A framed septum persistent on the plant after the valves of the fruit have fallen, the margins ovule-bearing, unique to Brassicaceae (see silicle).C replumlum AQ A slender, beaklike extension of the upper edge of the stigma in Orchidaceae. C rostellumP Bt Wheel-shaped, applied to a corolla with a short or obsolete tube, the limb widely flaring in a horizontal plane.C rotateE 020-036M rotate corollaN PicsP Show Photos developed, scarcely discernible.C rudimentary B0 Having a wrinkled or deeply grooved surface.C rugose As used herein, poorly drained soil containing an appreciable concentration of soluble salts including sodium chloride, alkaline but with a pH often below 8.5.C saline soilG 080-006 Bq Pertaining to a calyx or a corolla with an elongate, slender tube and an abruptly spreading, horizontal limb.C salverformE 028-007M! salverform corolla BN A dry, indehiscent, 1-seeded, winged fruit, sometimes double as in maples. kB. An ovary composed of more than one carpel.C compound pistilP lBG Shallowly hollow, the margins curving upward or inward; saucerlike.C concaveP Having a common center.C concentricP Of uniform color.C concolorousP A globose to more or less conic structure produced by some spore-bearing plants and most gymnosperms, consisting of bracts or scales closely spaced along a central axis, each bract or scale bearing or subtending one or more reproductive structures, also called a strobilus. coneE 067-030I 053-018 A: Cones gymnosperm Equisetum Picse form of a cone (the geometric structure) and attached at the broad end.C conic Any member of the class Pinopsida, consisting chiefly of cone-bearing trees or shrubs with evergreen, needlelike or scalelike leaves.C coniferG 086-031 scale scape scapose schizocarp scurfy secund segregate sepal septate septate-nodulose septum serrate sessile sheath shoot shrub silicle silique simple sinus soilG sorus spathe specimen spicate spikeL spikelet spine spinose sporangium spore sporocarp sporophyll sporophyte branch stalk stamen staminate staminode stellate stemF sterile stigma stigmatic stipe stipitate stipular stipular spine stipule stolon stoloniferous striate strict stylar style stylopodium submerged subshrub subtend succulent suffrutescent superior superior ovary suture style symmetricalv system BT A plant living on dead organic matter, the herbage usually yellowish to reddish.C saprophyteG 088-015N PicsP Bt Rough to the touch, usually due to the presence of short stiff hairs or small sharp projections; sandpaper-like.C scabrousG 016-033N PicsP Bj A usually dry, thin, flat structure, often a bract, e.g., the bract subtending a flower of CYPERACEAE.C scaleG 101-023I 077-029N PicsP A leafless, flower-bearing stalk arising at or near ground level, sometimes bearing one or more bracts.C scapeG 054-015 B% Having a scape or resembling one.C scapose A dry, indehiscent fruit developed from a compound pistil, the 2 or more carpels separating at maturity into 1-seeded mericarps, as in most umbels, geraniums, and mallows.C schizocarpG 077-023 BP Covered to some degree with flattened, scale-like particles (compare mealy).C scurfyG 098-009 rootstock rosette rostellum rotate rudimentary rugose saline saline salverform samara saprophyte scabrous brous Bz Pertaining to flowers borne on or directed to one side of an axis or to an inflorescence with the flowers so arranged.C secundG 009-004N PicsP BY As used herein, a group or taxon separated from a larger group bearing an older name.C segregateP 1) One of the segments in the outermost whorl of the perianth, collectively known as the calyx, usually green but sometimes resembling a petal; 2) the term applied to a perianth segment when petals are lacking, regardless of the color or texture (see frontispiece). sepalG 026-008N PicsP B6 Having one or more septa or divided by partitions.C septateP Bf With transverse, knobby septa connecting the parallel leaf veins of some sedges and a few grasses.C septate-noduloseE septate- noduloseN PicsP BR Having acute, apically directed marginal teeth, as in a saw (compare dentate).C serrate perianth perianth pericarp perigynium perigynous persistent petal petaloid petiole phloem phylogeny pinna pinnate pinnately pinnately compound pinnatifid pistil pistillate pitted placenta planoconvex plumose pollen pollination pollinium polygamo-dioecious polygamo-monoecious polygamous polymorphic polyploid prickle primary process procumbent prostrate prow-shaped pseudo pubescent punctate pungent pustulose raceme racemose rachilla rachis radially radially symmetrical ranked flower receptacle receptacular receptacular bract recurved reflexed replum resinous reticulate retrorse revolute rhizomatous rhizome rhombic rhomboid compound@ dichotomous flower@ oblanceolate@ petaloid seed@ pics@ MOREGLOSS Bl Applied to the tracelike vestige of an organ appearing to have been better developed in ancestral forms.C vestigialP B% Glutinous or sticky to the touch.C viscidP !Bm Applied to a plant having seeds or other propagules germinating while still attached to the parent plant.C viviparousG 029-030N PicsP "B+ Tapering to a narrow point at the base.C wedge-shapedG 066-010N PicsP With three or more like structures arising from the same plane on a common axis, e.g., three or more leaves per node on a stem.C whorledG 041-016N PicsP 1) A membranous or flattened extension of some portion of the margin of a structure, often forming a border; 2) one of the two lateral petals in a papillonaceous corolla (see papilionaceous).C wingE 050-011M wingN PicsP 1) Unbranched, as an undivided stem or hair; 2) not compound, as a leaf with a single blade beyond the axiliary bud or a pistil consisting of a single carpel.C simpleP Br The notch or indentation between adjoining segments of a lobed or otherwise divided structure, such as a leaf.C sinusP BH(pl. sori). A cluster of sporangia on the underside of a fern leaf.C sorusG 101-024N PicsP Bj As used herein, a solitary, membranous bract subtending and often enclosing an otherwise naked flower.C spatheG 085-015N PicsP B* Arranged in a spike or resembling one.C spicateP An unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers or spikelets are sessile, that is, attached directly to the elongate axis without an intervening pedicel, the lowermost flower blooming first.C spikeE 005-012M spikeN PicsP rmost flower blooming first. B0 Imperfectly developed, scarcely discernible.C rudimentaryP B0 Having a wrinkled or deeply grooved surface.C rugoseP As used herein, poorly drained soil containing an appreciable concentration of soluble salts including sodium chloride, alkaline but with a pH often below 8.5.C saline soilG 080-006N PicsP Bq Pertaining to a calyx or a corolla with an elongate, slender tube and an abruptly spreading, horizontal limb.C salverformE 028-007M! salverform corollaN PicsP BN A dry, indehiscent, 1-seeded, winged fruit, sometimes double as in maples.C samaraE 046-007I 051-010Mb double samara single samaraN PicsP The main axis or one of the axes arising from the root or crown of a plant, sometimes under water or partially or totally underground, characterized by external buds that develop into leaves, flowers or secondary stem branches.C stemP BM Not fertile, lacking any organ producing viable spores, pollen, or seeds.C sterileP BK The part of the pistil, usually the apex, upon which pollen germinates.C stigmaE style stigma ovaryN PicsP B< Pertaining to or having the characteristics of a stigma.C stigmaticP Bw A specialized stalk arising from the receptacle of a flower and supporting the ovary or fruit, as in some mustards.C stipeE stipeN PicsP rigid, sharp-pointed, modified stipule developing in the nodal region of the stem, one on either side of the leaf or bud.C stipular spine BJ A sharp, more or less rigid outgrowth from a leaf or other plant part.C spineP B7 Bearing or resembling spines; spinelike at the tip.C spinoseP BG(pl. sporangia). A saclike structure in which spores are produced.C sporangiumP Ba A minute reproductive body produced in a sporangium, characteristic of ferns and fern allies.C sporeP BX A specialized, thin or leathery receptacle within which sporangia or spores develop.C sporocarpP B_ A sometimes modified leaf bearing or subtending one or more sporangia (see megasporangium).C sporophyllE sporophyll of Selaginella PicsP As used herein, the spore-producing, conspicuous generation of ferns and fern allies (compare gametophyte); the plant of that generation.ration.generation.of that generation. BQ A modified, prostrate, above-ground stem, rooting at the nodes or at the tip.C stolonG 043-034N PicsP Having stolons.C stoloniferousP BF Marked with fine longitudinal lines, grooves, or streaks of color.C striateG 088-016N PicsP BB Standing stiffly upright and sparingly or not at all branched.C strictG 027-002N PicsP Pertaining to the style.C stylarP Bd The usually slender part of the pistil between the ovary and the stigma (see also frontispiece).C styleE 064-007M5 style pistilN PicsP BT A disclike enlargement at the base of the style, as in some species of APIACEAE.C stylopodiumE 096-023M stylopodiumN PicsP A prefix meaning 1) somewhat less than, as in subequal or subglobose; 2) of lower taxonomic rank; 3) beneath or below.ath or below.ath or below.ath or below.ath or below.ath or below.ow. sub-P Growing under water.C submergedP A very low shrub.C subshrubG 041-025N PicsP BX To be directly below and close to another structure, as a bract subtending a flower.C subtendP BF Juicy; a plant with a large amount of water stored in the tissues.C succulentG 016-009I 087-006N PicsP Show PhotosV Show Photoswer stem woody to some degree.C suffrutescentG 045-016 An ovary attached to the receptacle only at its base, otherwise free of all flower parts; present in either hypogynous or perigynous flowers.C superior ovaryE superior ovary hypogynous flower in cross section B] The line formed at the site of fusion between parts in the natural course of development.C suture BE Occupying the same geographic region or the same general habitat.C sympatric B4 With the petals fused, at least toward the base.C sympetalous A name invalid because of the existence of a prior name, or for any of a number of other reasons set forth in the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature.C synonymP A usually dense aggregation of rock debris on a slope or at its base, the accumulation generally the result of gravitational roll or slide.C talusG 039-012N PicsP A single primary root extending downward as part of the main axis of a plant, with comparatively small secondary or lateral roots originating from it.C taprootE taprootN PicsP BD A Latin name in which the species name repeats the generic name.C tautonymP BS(pl. taxa). A taxonomic unit of any rank, e.g. a genus, species, variety, etc.C taxonP The classification of organisms according to criteria that determine their assignment to the following major groups: kingdom, division, class, order, family, genus, species.C taxonomyP B/ Applied to a compound leaf with 3 leaflets.C ternateP B- Growing in the ground, supported by soil.C terrestrialP B? Having four long and two short stamens as in many mustards.C tetradynamousE tetradynomousN PicsP B* Resembling or consisting of a thallus.C thalloidG 075-004N PicsP Bj(pl. thalli). A flat, leaflike plant body not differentiated into stems and leaves, as in duck weeds.C thallusE 075-004M thallusN PicsP Bd A stiff, sharp-pointed, woody modification of a stem or branch developing above the leaf or bud.C thornP B~ The opening or mouth of the tube of a sympetalous corolla, that is, the area between the tube and limb (see frontispiece).C throatP ween the tube and limb (see frontispiece).C throat A taxonomic unit of any rank, e.g. a genus, species, variety, etc.C TAXON symmetricalv sympatric sympetalous synonym system talus taproot tautonym taxon taxonomy tendril terete ternate terrestrial tetradynamous thalloid thallus thorn throat tooth trailing tribe truncate tuber tubercle tuberculate tubular tufted turgid turion two-lipped specimen ubiquitous umbel umbel compound umbel simple umbellate umbellet undulate unilateral uniseriate unisexual utricle valve variation vascular velum venation ventral vernal versatile vestigial viscid viviparous wedge-shaped whorled woolly Bf A projecting segment of an indented structure (e.g., a leaf margin) too small to be called a lobe.C toothP Prostrate but not rooting.C trailingP B\ A woody plant having a usually solitary trunk and a distinct and elevated head or crown.C treeP BK A category in plant classification ranking between subfamily and genus.C tribeP BE Nearly straight across the top or bottom, as if abruptly cut off.C truncateE truncateN PicsP BC The narrow to broad, fused basal portion of a calyx or corolla.C tubeE corolla tubeN PicsP tes, e.g., a potato.C tuber Bl 1) A small rounded elevation protruding from a surface; 2) the persistent style base in Eleocheris.C tubercle Bearing tubercles.C tuberculate In the form of a tube.C tubular B) Closely clustered, as stems or hairs.C tufted With the sepals, petals, and stamens arising at the summit of a floral tube, the latter surrounding but not fused with the superior ovary.C perigynousE floral perigynous tube flowerN PicsP jB` Remaining attached after its normal function has ceased, as a calyx persistent on the fruit.C persistentP A member of the usually "showy" inner set of perianth segments in a typical flower, usually a color other than green and having a softer, smoother texture than the outer perianth segments (sepals).C petalP lB, Resembling a petal in texture and color.C petaloidG 015-035N PicsP mB( The basal, stalklike part of a leaf.C petioleP nBW The tissue that functions primarily in the transport of sugar compounds in a plant.C phloemP B, Shallowly wavy, as the margin of a leaf.C undulateP Existing on one side only.C unilateralP Arranged in a single row or series, as the bracts of the involucre in some species of ASTERACEAE, or the seeds in the siliques of some species of BRASSICACEAE.C uniseriateP Bi Applied to a flower having only one set of functional reproductive organs, either stamens or pistils.C unisexualP alk, a simple umbel with one set of pedicels, a compound umbel with each of the primary branches (rays) bearing an umbellate flower cluster. UMBEL cels, a compound umbel with each of the primary branches (rays) bearing an umbellate flower cluster. UMBEL mary branches (rays) bearing an umbellate flower cluster. UMBEL earing an umbellate flower cluster. UMBEL llate flower cluster. UMBEL UMBEL Bo An acronym for the Herbarium of the University of Utah, used herein to indicate where specimens are housed.C A small, one-seeded, indehiscent fruit, generally with a loosely fitting, relatively thin, smooth or wrinkled outer layer (pericarp).C utricleE utricleN PicsP One of the units of a capsule separating from the whole at maturity, that is, the segment of the fruit wall between two usually vertical lines of dehiscence.C valveE 046-013 valve capsule of Holosteum PicsP which partly covers the sporangium in species of Isoetes.C velum BO The arrangement or pattern formed by the veins of an organ, such as a leaf.C venation B[ As used herein, pertaining to the surface facing toward the main axis (compare dorsal).C ventral Pertaining to spring.C vernal Ill-scented.C malodorousP B, Pertaining to, or arising along an edge.C marginalP BN With the margin different in some respect from the remainder of the organ.C marginedP !B_ Covered to some degree with minute, usually rounded, one-celled particles (compare scurfy).C mealyP "B2 A sporangium producing one or more megaspores.C megasporangiumE micro- mega- sporangium sporangium sporophylls of Selaginella PicsP A spore giving rise to a female gametophyte; the larger of the two kinds of spores in some members of the class Isoetopsida.C megasporeP $B/ Thin, papery, flexible, and non-herbaceous.C membranousP %BC One of the segments into which a schizocarp splits at maturity.C mericarpE mericarpN PicsP 098-009 101-023 101-024 112-002 1129.012 1129.026 1129.045 113-004 121-032 122-019 133-015 000-005 001-016 004-026 013-010 021-029 028-029 032-031 051-010 051-023 052-032 053-005 053-018 073-029 077-029 087-006 087-013 113-004 glume glume accidental achene acute alternate anastomosing annulus anther anthers apiculate appendage arrowhead asclepias asclepias speciosa auricle auriculate axillary banner bipinnate bisexual blade calyx capsule capsule carpel carpophore catkins chamber circumscissile clasping collar column commissure decumbent decurrent diadelphous B? A flower cluster in which the terminal flower blooms first.C cymeE cymeN PicsP B" Arranged in cymes or cymelike.C cymoseP BD A study of cells, as used herein, confined to plant chromosomes.C cytologyP B Falling off, not persistent.C deciduousP B2 Ten centimeters, equivalent to about 4 inches.C decimeterP BX With a reclining or horizontal base and an ascending tip, usually applied to a stem.C decumbentE decumbentN PicsP B] Extending downward, usually applied to leaf bases which continue along the stem as wings.C decurrentE 031-013ML decurrent leaf bladeN PicsP Turned abruptly downward.C deflexedG 028-027N PicsP pBV Having the form of a cone (the geometric structure) and attached at the broad end.C conicP Any member of the class Pinopsida, consisting chiefly of cone-bearing trees or shrubs with evergreen, needlelike or scalelike leaves.C coniferG 086-031N PicsP Cone-bearing (see "cone").C coniferousP sB; The tissue connecting the two pollen sacs of an anther.C connectiveP tB\ Touching or standing close together but not actually fused, e.g. the stamens in Solanum.C conniventE 016-004MO connivent stamensN PicsP >B} A more or less modified, often much-reduced, sometimes membranous leaf subtending an inflorescence, a flower, or a fruit.C bractP ?B" Subtended by or having bracts.C bracteateP A small bract.C bractletP AB A stiff, hairlike structure.C bristleP BB/ An embryonic stem, branch, leaf, or flower.C CB< A specialized leaf enclosing leaf buds, usually of treesC bud scaleP A short, vertical, underground stem with apical leaf buds enclosed by numerous, overlapping, fleshy bud scales serving as food storage organsC bulbE bulbN PicsP EntryB TextK Photolink1 Glossary MoreB 2B/ Latin prefix meaning two, twice, or doubly.C Having two teeth.C bidentateP 4Bo A plant completing its life cycle in two years, flowers and fruit usually produced only in the second year.C biennialP 5B0 Cleft or notched at the apex into two parts.C bifidP Capable of being divided into not more than two like sections, each a mirror image of the other, applied to flowers in which at least one of the petals or sepals is unlike the others in size or (see papilionaceous and two-lipped).C bilaterally symmetricalE 011-014M AxisN PicsP 7Bm A name consisting of two Latin words, the first the name of the genus, the second the name of the speciesC binomialP 8BT Twice pinnate, that is, the leaflets of a pinnately compound leaf again pinnate.C bipinnateE bipinnateN PicsP Bearing fine, wavy, tangled or matted, sometimes cobwebby hairs, these often imparting a gray or white color to the surface.C woollyG 028-019N PicsP Placed before a Latin name to indicate that the taxon is known to be a hybrid, before the generic name if an intergeneric hybrid and before the specific name if an interspecific hybrid.C Characterized by dryness.C xericP An umbrella-shaped inflorescence with a number of flower pedicels arising from a common point at the apex of a flower stalk, a simple umbel with one set of pedicels, a compound umbel with each of the primary branches (rays) bearing an umbellate flower cluster. umbel, compoundE umbellets ray involucre involucel peduncle compound umbelN PicsP calyx capitate capsule carpel carpophore caryopsis catkin caudex caulescent cauline selaginella sepal septate serrate shaped sheath silicle silique simple simple umbel single speciosa spike spikelet sporangium spore sporophyll sporophylls sporophylls selaginella stamen stamens stellate stigma stipe stipule style stylopodium superior system taproot tendril terete tetradynomous thallus truncate flower two-lipped two-lipped corolla umbel umbellets utricle valve valves veins ventral versatile wings With leaves folded lengthwise down the middle, enfolding each other, and forming two ranks, one on either side of the stem, as in the genus Iris.C equitantE equitantN PicsP compound compound umbel cones connivent cordate cordate corolla corymb crenate crest cross cross-section cross-section corolla decumbent decurrent diadelphous dichotomous didymous dolabriform dorsal double effect elliptic endocarp entire entire epipetalous equisetum equitant exocarp exocarp endocarp fascicled fibrous filament filaments floral floral perigynous floret Directed downward.C retrorseP B2 With the margins rolled toward the under side.C revoluteE 041-036M! revolute leafN PicsP Having rhizomes.C rhizomatousP A usually horizontal underground stem, with reduced scalelike leaves at the nodes, rooting at some of the nodes, and producing buds and ultimately new plants from the axils of the modified leaves.C rhizomeE rhizomeN PicsP BK Obliquely angled, with four equilateral sides, that is, diamond-shaped.C rhombicP B. Diamond-shaped in outline (3-dimensional).C rhomboidP B/ A prominent vein or nerve of any structure.C B. Generally, a relatively short, thick root.C rootstockP Ba A cluster of basal leaves appearing to radiate from the same plane, forming a disc or circle.C rosetteG 008-029N PicsP Show PhotosV Show Photos flower follicle funnelform fused galea gibbous gland glume grass grass spikelet gymnosperm gymnosperm equisetum gynobase hairs hastate hilum holosteum stamen hypogynous hypogynous flower cross section indusium indusium inferior internode involucel involucre involucre involucel lanceolate blade leaflet leaves legume lemma lenticular ligule linear lobed loment malva margins sporangium mericarp mesocarp micro milkweed monadelphous monkshood mucronate nodulose obcordate ListB oblanceolate oblique obovate obtuse malva selaginella ovary ovary receptacle ovule palea palmately panicle papilionaceous papilla papillose pappus pedicel peduncle peltate perfoliate perianth perigynium perigynous petal petaloid petiole pinnately pinnatifid pistil plumose pollinia pollinia portion portion prickle prow-shaped raceme rachilla rachis flower achene receptacle replum reticulate revolute rhizome rotate salverform samara sawtooth sawtooth effect schizocarp section EPHEMERAL EPIDERMIS EPIGYNOUS EPIPETALOUS EPIPHYTE EPITHET EQUITANT EROSE EVERGREEN EXFOLIATING EXOCARP EXSERTED EXSTIPU Bj A slender, twining structure, modified from a leaf or stem, by which a climbing plant supports itself.C tendrilE tendrilN PicsP B5 Round in cross section and more or less elongate.C tereteE tereteN PicsP A fleshy fruit developed from a compound pistil having either a superior or inferior ovary, and containing several to many small seeds, e.g., a tomato.C berryG 1129.012N PicsP Show Photosprefix meaning two, twice, or doubly.C Having two teeth.C bidentate 4Bo A plant completing its life cycle in two years, flowers and fruit usually produced only in the second year.C biennial 5B0 Cleft or notched at the apex into two parts.C bifid Capable of being divided into not more than two like sections, each a mirror image of the other, applied to flowers in which at least one of the petals or sepals is unlike the others in size or (see papilionaceous and two-lipped).C bilaterally symmetricalE 011-014 7Bm A name consisting of two Latin words, the first the name of the genus, the second the name of the speciesC binomial 8BT Twice pinnate, that is, the leaflets of a pinnately compound leaf again pinnate.. sL7%! 3$#I.` oN?/ W76+#+~[- " oCE@'" +?PH% $:E^_q `@@0 B~ The often expanded apex of a flower stalk bearing the floral parts or, in some families, the individual flowers of a head.C receptacle P A bract arising from the receptacle and subtending each of the flowers borne in a head as in some members of Asteraceae and Dipsacaceae.C receptacular bractP B! Curved backwards or downward.C recurvedG 018-011N PicsP Abruptly bent downward.C reflexedG 028-027N PicsP A framed septum persistent on the plant after the valves of the fruit have fallen, the margins ovule-bearing, unique to Brassicaceae (see silicle).C replumP B3 Producing resin; covered with a sticky exudate.C resinousG 009-022N PicsP B/ In the form of a network, e.g., net-veined.C reticulateE reticulateN PicsP Bq Pertaining to the presence of elongate conducting tissues (xylem and phloem) in the roots, stems, and leaves.C vascularP BQ The membranous flap which partly covers the sporangium in species of Isoetes.C velumP BO The arrangement or pattern formed by the veins of an organ, such as a leaf.C venationP B[ As used herein, pertaining to the surface facing toward the main axis (compare dorsal).C ventralP Pertaining to spring.C vernalP Bl Applied to an anther attached to the apex of the filament near the middle, that is, with both ends free.C versatileE 008-028M versatileN PicsP )=]_( B< Not splitting open at maturity, as an achene or a drupe.C indehiscentP B;(also indument) Any hairy, scurfy, or mealy covering. C indumentumG 017-012N PicsP Bd(pl. indusia). An epidermal outgrowth or modified leaf margin covering the sorus of many ferns.C indusiumE indusium on a portion of a fern leafN PicsP An ovary embedded in the receptacle with the sepals, petals, and stamens arising at or above its apex, characteristic of such families as APIACEAE, CAMPANULACEAE, and ONAGRACEAE (see epigynous).C inferior ovaryE 069-011I 113-004M3 stamen petal sepal inferior ovaryN PicsP Blown up; bladderlike.C inflatedG 033-004N PicsP B> A flower cluster or the flower-bearing portion of a plant.C inflorescenceG 013-002N PicsP Bk A leafless, flower-bearing stalk arising at or near ground level, sometimes bearing one or more bracts.C scapeG 054-015N PicsP B% Having a scape or resembling one.C scaposeP A dry, indehiscent fruit developed from a compound pistil, the 2 or more carpels separating at maturity into 1-seeded mericarps, as in most umbels, geraniums, and mallows.C schizocarpE 077-023 schizocarp of Malva mericarp PicsP BP Covered to some degree with flattened, scale-like particles (compare mealy).C scurfyG 098-009N PicsP BI The characteristic mode of growth; the general appearance of a plant.C habitP B/ The environment in which an organism grows.C habitatP B. A plant adapted to growing in saline soil.C halophyteG 016-008N PicsP BJ More or less arrowhead-shaped but with the basal lobes turned outward.C hastateE 078-001M hastateN PicsP BM The suckerlike attachment organs of some parasitic plants, as in Cuscuta.C haustoriaG 042-006N PicsP A usually dense cluster of sessile or subsessile flowers (or fruits) borne on a common receptacle at the summit of a peduncle, as in ASTERACEAE, DIPSACACEAE, or NYCTAGINACEAE.C headE 008-026M headN PicsP lzG,P Pertaining to flowers, such as violets, that are self-fertilized prior to the opening of the corolla. Cleistogamous flowers are usually inconspicuous and additional to the ordinary chasmogamous ones.C cleistogamousP dB~ Gradual variation (largely quantitative) occurring in a given plant species along an environmental or geographic gradient.C clinal variationP Vegetatively produced progeny of a single individual, e.g. a stand of quaking aspen, wherein each tree arises fron the rootstock of another tree.C cloneG 081-026I 000-005N PicsP fBG Dorsal surface of a grass leaf at the junction of sheath and blade.C collarE blade collar sheathN PicsP ls in orchids, of stamens and their filaments in mallows and milkweeds, or of styles in geraniums.C columnG 0055.068 NAMEA Chamber fleshy flexuous flora floral floret floriferous foliaceous follicle forage frond fruit funnelform fusiform galea gametophyte genetic germinate gibbous glabrate glabrous gland glandular glaucous globose glochid glume glutinous gymnosperm gynaecandrous spike gynobase habit A usually subglobose underground stem, solid throughout, with buds developing on the exterior surface, lacking the overlapping layers of a bulb.C cormP |B? The petals of a flower collectively, whether free or fused.C corollaG 065-019N PicsP }Bp Any appendage situated between the corolla and the stamens, as in a daffodil or in the milkweeds (see hood).C coronaG 049-008N PicsP ~BG The primary tissue lying beneath the epidermis of a stem or a root.C cortexP A flat- or round-topped, racemelike flower cluster, the lower or outer pedicels longer and bearing more mature flowers than the upper or inner ones.C corymbE 052-014M* corymbN PicsP en the seed germinates, one present in monocotyledons, two in dicotyledons, and 2-17 in gymnosperms.C cotyledon B* Having rounded teeth along the margin.C crenateE * A fleshy, indehiscent fruit formed from a compound pistil having a thin skin (exocarp), a fleshy or pulpy middle layer (mesocarp), and a bony or occasionally papery inner layer (endocarp), the endocarp sometimes divided into 2 or more separate parts, each enclosing 1 or 2 seeds; e.g., a peach. drupeE 013-035M8 exocarp endocarp seed mesocarpN PicsP Bo Diminutive of drupe; an aggregate of drupelets sometimes appearing to be a single fruit, e.g., a raspberry.C drupeletG 073-009N PicsP +B5 Bearing one or more short, firm, recurved points.C barbedP ,B( Relating to or situated at the base.C basalP Attached at the base, applied to an anther attached to the filament at the base of the connective, or to a hair attached at one end.C basifixedP A name, previously applied to a taxon, which forms the basis for a new name required by a change in the classification of the taxon.C basionymP A relatively short, stout appendage terminal on an organ, or the narrowed portion of an organ, sometimes long and slender, separating two parts, e.g., an achene and its pappus or a style and its stigma.C beakE 060-013I 087-013M beakN PicsP 0B, Bearing hairs, usually in a dense patch.C beardedG 011-014N PicsP 1 usually in a dense patch.C beardedG 3150.062 n stalk or central line of any structure. AxisE `@<! BX As used herein, the individual plant specimen upon which a scientific name is based.C type specimenP B Seeming to exist everywhere.C ubiquitousP An umbrella-shaped inflorescence with a number of flower pedicels arising from a common point at the apex of a flower stalk, a simple umbel with one set of pedicels, a compound umbel with each of the primary branches (rays) bearing an umbellate flower cluster. umbel, simpleE %MX flower pedicel involucre peduncle simple umbelN PicsP B* Resembling or in the form of an umbel.C umbellateP B> The ultimate umbellate flower cluster in a compound umbel.C umbelletP 529etP Bo A thickened rhizome, stout and usually short, serving as a storage organ for carbohydrates, e.g., a potato.C tuberP Bl 1) A small rounded elevation protruding from a surface; 2) the persistent style base in Eleocheris.C tubercleP Bearing tubercles.C tuberculateP In the form of a tube.C tubularP B) Closely clustered, as stems or hairs.C tuftedP B? Swollen or distended by water pressure exerted from within.C turgidP Bj A small, budlike shoot with closely appressed, often fleshy scales, borne on an underground rootstock.C turionG 040-029N PicsP Applied to a sympetalous corolla in which the limb is divided into an upper and a lower segment, common in Lamiaceae and Scrophulariaceae.C two-lippedE two-lipped corollaN PicsP j662(,$' '.AHZH) +C^]9<21," (#7M8!'$ ?%F%$ spinose sporangium spore sporocarp sporophyll sporophyte branch stalk stamen !A#<< AFAAABABABAC>> << AFAAABABABAD>> "A#<< AFAAABACABAC>> << AFAAABACABAD>> Close Glossary J9.9GFC9@45(%*+/4B;5>66+02 )#8;6-65 1) A conspicuous longitudinal ridge comparable to the keel of a boat; 2) in Fabaceae, the lower pair of more or less united petals (see papilio naceous); 3) the dorsal edge formed by the midrib of the laterally compressed lemma of a grass floret ( see spikelet ) . keelP B( Irregularly cut or cleft as if torn.C lacerateP B~ Lance-shaped; at least twice as long as wide, usually rounded at the base, and tapering from below the middle to the apex.C lanceolateE lanceolateN PicsP B6 Pertaining to or situated on the side of an organ.C lateralP B, A unit in a compound leaf (see pinnate).nnate).n the side of an organ.C lateralP B, A unit in a compound leaf (see pinnate). Bi A name spelled like a valid name for a taxon of the same rank but based on a different type specimen.C homonymP 1) A hoodlike structure, often formed from a petal or a sepal; 2) in Asclepiadaceae, one of the concave segments of the corona (see also corona)C hoodE stigma horn stamen ovary petal sepal cross-section, corolla Asclepias speciosa PicsP B: An organism from which a parasite obtains nourishment.C hostG 078-022N PicsP With the perianth and stamens arising below the base of the ovary, that is, with the ovary superior (see also frontispiece).C hypogynousE 033-033M hypogynous flowerN PicsP 444444 333333 222222 111111 000000 ////// ...... ------ ,,,,,, ++++++ ****** )))))) (((((( '''''' &&&&&& %%%%%% $$$$$$ ###### """""" !!!!!! B[ Jointed; having a place where separation may occur naturally, leaving a clean-cut scar.C articulateG 1129.045N PicsP !B3 Directed or curving upward, not strictly erect.C ascendingG 027-002N PicsP "B" Without the phenomenon of sex.C asexualP #BT An appendage shaped like a human ear lobe, the free tip either rounded or acute.C auricleE auricleN PicsP Applied to a leaf with the blade attached directly to the stem and with two auricle-like basal lobes, one on either side of the stem.C auriculate-claspingE 010-019M auriculate- claspingN PicsP %BM With a narrow, flattened body tapering from the base upward into a point.C awl-shapedG 078-017N PicsP &B8 A stiff or somewhat flexible, bristlelike structure.C 087-010M awnN PicsP The cavity or angle formed by the junction of the upper side of an organ and its supporting axis, as between the upper surface of a leaf or its petiole and a stem or branch.C axilE axil ____ axis _______N PicsP (B( Arising from or situated in an axil.C axillaryP )BC(pl. axes). The main stalk or central line of any structure. axisE axil ____ axis _______N PicsP *Bb The uppermost and usually the largest petal in a papilionaceous flower of the family Fabaceae.C bannerE 022-007MB banner papilionaceous flowerN PicsP papilionaceous flower KB8 Shaped like a head; aggregated into a dense cluster.C capitateP LBP A dry, dehiscent fruit developing from an ovary having more than one carpel.C capsuleE capsuleN PicsP MB` A modified, seed-bearing leaf; a simple pistil; one of the leaves forming a compound pistil.C carpelE carpelN PicsP A prolongation of the receptacle between two or more carpels of the ovary, in Apiaceae fusec above to the stylopodium (when present), persistent in fruit, and suspending the mericarps at maturity.C carpophoreE / / carpophore PicsP $@ P0 # PicsP JBB A tube formed by the union of the lower portion of the sepals.C calyx tubeE lobe ___ tube _____ calyx PicsP The primary leaf or leaves of the embryonic plant, originating within the seed, generally enlarging and becoming aerial and green when the seed germinates, one present in monocotyledons, two in dicotyledons, and 2-17 in gymnosperms.C cotyledonP B* Having rounded teeth along the margin.C crenateE 022-021M crenateN PicsP A collective term for small elevations, ridges, or appendages in the throat of the corolla, as in most borages, or on the dorsal surface of fruiting bracts in some species of Atriplex. crestE 001-028M crestN PicsP B1 Born on a stalk, as a gland, ovary, or fruit.C stipitateP A rigid, sharp-pointed, modified stipule developing in the nodal region of the stem, one on either side of the leaf or bud.C stipular spineP One of a pair of foliaceous or membranous modified leaves developing at the base of the petiole, in some species fused to the petiole or to each other and then often forming a tube around the stem.C stipuleE stipuleN PicsP Opening spontaneously at maturity, often along definite lines, exposing or discharging the contents, characteristic of most anther sacs and some forms of fruit.C dehiscentG 1129.026N PicsP BP Branched in a treelike manner, as the hairs of some species of Brassicaceae.C dendriticP BZ Having acute marginal teeth that project outward rather than upward (compare serrate).C dentateP dentateP 145d (compare serrate).C dentatesicaceae.C dendritic BZ Having acute marginal teeth that project outward rather than upward (compare serrate).C dentate 8A<D8 BX In two pairs of unequal length, applied to stamens, as in many species of Lamiaceae.C didynamousP B5 Flattened and broadened, as an expanded filament.C dilatedP B# Having two morphological forms.C dimorphicG 053-018N PicsP B~ 1) Having the shape of a circular, flat plate; 2) in Asteraceae, applied to a head composed entirely of disc flowers.C discoidG 0546.085N PicsP BW Deeply and often repeatedly divided into numerous, usually fine or narrow segments.C dissectedG 022-003N PicsP B2 Opposite or away from the point of attachment.C distalP "$'ER1 l'*cK& &ZR-! x]id[ ,'**-7FR %$$,+$ B* 45'B zh1(4Col receptacle between carpels caryopsis caryopses one-seded indehiscent fruit grasses catkin dlike structures composing nucleus carrying ciliate !having marginal fringe hairs cilium cilia usually multiple hairs marginally circumboreal herein pertaining distribution plant aB3 The narrowed basal portion of a petal or sepal.C clawE 020-024M blade clawN PicsP bBV An indentation or division between two parts; deeply cut, as the margin of a leaf.C cleftP 020-024M blade claw bBV An indentation or division between two parts; deeply cut, as the margin of a leaf.C cleft +!$%S uF.'/# ISiV,%!Wyd/ <#-',4; &<13P Y:DC/# zSKKV '&Fl{ vt;Hr xdz[*&% ructure often bract usually horizontal underground reduced scalelike usually subglobose underground solid throughout shrub woody plant differing being proportionately covering annual biennial perennial plant lacking persistent intervals leaves applied lower cotyledon primary leaves embryonic plant originatin crenate %having rounded teeth along margin crest collective small elevations ridges appendages crinkled hairs <hairs somewhat flattened twisted curled kinky crisp-hairy -pubescent irregularly curled short hairs crown short usually epidermis outermost layer cells primary epigynous perianth stamens arising point above epipetalous "arising corolla petals epiphyte 5|C%2^3$ imbricate <with parts overlapping shingles involucre incised 1having deeply usually irregularly margins included Vrle Animation enclosing lower unbranched undivided compound perianth stamens arising point above 1-several-seeded fruit mustard family barbed bristle usually applied small bristl indehiscent seeded fruit derived simple spikelike inflorescence often pendulous bearing sporangium producing microspores megasporangium sporangium producing megaspores spore giving female gametophyte larger spore giving gametophyte smaller stalk supporting single flower within inflorescence stiff hairlike structure gBX Forming colonies or clones by means of underground connections between aerial stems.C colonialP A structure formed by the fusion of stamens and pistils in orchids, of stamens and their filaments in mallows and milkweeds, or of styles in geraniums.C columnE 013-012M columnN PicsP iBg The surface along which two mericarps adhere, most commonly applied to the schizocarps of Apiaceae.C commissureE commissureN PicsP jBV A leaf with two or more distinct leaflets beyond the axillary bud (see "pinnate").C compound leafG 028-019N PicsP 3$#$$ sD,2NsH';m -,/:Ac J-CoK }bF4, &*T^\;*< sporangium producing megaspores megaspore spore giving female gametophyte larger membranous 'thin papery flexible non-herbaceous segments which schizocarp splits maturi @g0a q( H #+. q( H +K. H@KKL shaped hen's ovule within ovary develops after uB" Belonging to the same species.C conspecificP Narrowed.C constrictedP wBS Not jointed, usually applied to a grass rachis that remains intact at maturity.C continuousG 080-012N PicsP xBp Narrowed at a particular point or throughout, as an inflorescence with branches short or strictly ascending.C contractedP yB" The surface outwardly rounded.C convexP zB} Having the shape of a stylized heart, tapered to a point at the apex, with a rounded, notched base (compare "obcordate").C cordateE 070-001M" cordate leafN PicsP B" Covered with a sticky exudate.C glutinousP A plant characterized by naked ovules that, is, the ovules not enclosed in an ovary; a member of the division Pinophyta (compare angiospermj.C gymnospermP A spike (in Carex) with both staminate and pistillate flowers, the pistillate above the staminate (compare androgynous spike).C gynaecandrous spikeP An upward prolongation of the center of the receptacle to which the ovaries are attached and upon which the fruit develops, as in Boraginaceae, Lamiaceae, and Geraniaceae.C gynobaseE gynobaseN PicsP previously applied taxon which forms basis spelled valid taxon plant adapted growing saline plant characterized naked ovules ovules BC Food suitable for horses, cattle, or other herbivorous animals.C forageP B3 Any herb other than a grass or grasslike plant.C forbP A seldom-used nomenclatural category below that of variety, usually recognizing a difference in one minor character, e.g., corolla color.C formP Bn Not fused to other structures nor to like parts, e.g., stamens free from the perianth and from each other.C freeP The leaf of a fern.C frondP BY A mature, ripened ovary and any persistent accessory parts; an organ enclosing seeds.C fruitP Shaped like a funnel, that is, narrow at the base and gradually widening upward, as the corolla of the common morning glory.C funnelformE funnelform corollaN PicsP B{ A slightly raised, circular to linear pattern on the bark of some woody plants formed by loosely arranged, corky cells.C lenticelP BJ Shaped like a lens convex on both sides, the margins rounded or acute.C lenticularE lenticularN PicsP The appendage produced on the inner side of a leaf blade at its junction with the sheath in most grasses and in some sedges.C liguleE liguleN PicsP B6 The expanded upper part of a sympetalous corolla .C limbP B~ Long and narrow, the sides parallel or nearly so, when applied to leaves, as used herein, usually not more than 2 mm wide.C linearE linear ( sawtooth effect is accidental) PicsP Be 1) One of the two divisions of a 2-lipped corolla or calyx; 2) the lower petal of an orchid.C Bg A projecting segment of an indented structure (often a leaf margin) too large to be called a tooth.C lobeP A flat legume becoming strongly constricted and jointed between each seed, forming a linear series of segments, these breaking apart at the joints when mature.C lomentE 004-028M# lomentN PicsP Show Photoslodorous B, Pertaining to, or arising along an edge.C marginal BN With the margin different in some respect from the remainder of the organ.C margined !B_ Covered to some degree with minute, usually rounded, one-celled particles (compare scurfy).C mealy "B2 A sporangium producing one or more megaspores.C megasporangiumE micro- mega- sporangium sporangium sporophylls of Selaginella +Bv A spore giving rise to a male gametophyte; the smaller of two kinds of spores in members of the class Isoetopsida.C microsporeP ,BQ The central vein of a leaf or other organ, also called a midrib or a midvein.C midnerveP -BI One-tenth of a centimeter; approximately one-twenty-fifth of an inch.C millimeterP Fused into a single structure, usually applied to stamens united by their filaments into a tube around the style, as in Fabaceae and Malvaceae.C monadelphousE style fused filaments monadelphous stamensN PicsP Vrle Animation <Bn A dry, indehiscent, 1(2)-seeded fruit derived from a simple or compound ovary with a hard, woody pericarp.C A small nut.C nutletP >BB Prefix meaning in reverse, upside down, or contrary to normal.C ?BS Flattened other than the usual way, e.g , dorsiventrally rather than laterally.C obcompressedP @BM The reverse of cordate, with two rounded apical lobes and a tapered base.C obcordateE obcordateN PicsP The reverse of lanceolate, that is, attached at the tapered end, broadest above the middle, and at least twice as long as wide.C oblanceolateE oblanceolateN PicsP BB Having an asymmetrical base.C obliqueE 051-010I 004-026M obliqueN PicsP rrrrrr qqqqqq pppppp oooooo nnnnnn mmmmmm llllll kkkkkk jjjjjj iiiiii hhhhhh gggggg ffffff With the several to numerous primary veins of the leaf arranged parallel (or nearly so) to the leaf margins and to each other, transverse veins lacking or obscure (not to be confused with the nodulose septa of the leaves of some sedges).C parallel-veinedG 032-030N PicsP YBn An organism living on and deriving nourishment from other organisms, usually to the detriment of the host.C parasiteP Z2-030 YBn An organism living on and deriving nourishment from other organisms, usually to the detriment of the host.C parasite Zto the detriment of the host.C parasite Zr organisms, usually to the detriment of the host.C parasite BJ A relatively short lateral branch with the internodes greatly reduced.C spur branchP Bc A general term for the stem of any organ e.g., a petiole, peduncle, pedicel, filament, or stipeC stalkP B` The male, pollen-producing organ of a flower consisting of an anther and usually a filament.C stamenE anther filament stamenN PicsP Pertaining to a flower with one or more stamens but no functional pistils, or to an inflorescence consisting entirely of staminate flowers; male.C staminateP B\(pl. staminodes). A modified stamen lacking anther sacs or not producing viable pollen.C staminodeP Star-shaped, usually applied to hairs having 3 or more branches radiating from a common center or to pubescence consisting of such hairs.C stellateE stellate hairsN PicsP stigma style ovary ovule pistilN PicsP LBz Resembling a hen's egg in outline, not more than twice as long as wide and attached at the larger end (2-dimensional).C ovateP Shaped like a hen's egg.C ovoidP aB+ Nodding, drooping, or hanging downward.C pendulousP A fruit formed from a compound inferior ovary, having a pulpy, many-seeded interior and a thin, leathery rind, e.g., a cucumber.C pepoP cB/ A plant that lives for more than two years.C perennialP dBU With the leaf surrounding the stem or with opposite leaves fused around the stem.C perfoliateE 029-014MN perfoliate leafN PicsP B1 First in order of time, development, or size.C primaryP Any projecting appendage.C processP Trailing on the ground.C procumbentP Lying flat on the ground.C prostrateG 076-001N PicsP B$ Shaped like the prow of a canoe.C prow-shapedE prow-shapedN PicsP Prefix meaning false.C pseudo-P Bearing hairs of any sort.C pubescentP BR(pl. septa). A dividing wall between two cavities, a partition or cross-wall.C septumP BR Having acute, apically directed marginal teeth, as in a saw (compare dentate).C serrateE serrateN PicsP B\ Lacking a stalk of any kind, attached directly by the base, as a leaf without a petiole.C sessileG 073-005N PicsP 1) The tubular basal portion of a leaf enclosing the lower stem, as in grasses and sedges; 2) the collective bracts surrounding individual bundles of leaves in pine trees.C sheathE 075-029M stem sheathN PicsP Bj As used herein, the initial, ascending axis of a plant (sprout) arising from a subterranean structure.C shootP B| A woody plant differing from a tree in being proportionately smaller and in having several main stems near ground level.C shrubG 050-010N PicsP 0@A0a0x @C A0x B`C`00 %>,pFi ?c>0. A small flower cluster in grasses (and some sedges), composed of a shortened stem axis (rachilla) bearing 1-many florets, these collectively subtended at the base by two bracts (glumes).C spikeletE 074-035MH floret rachilla 2nd glume 1st glume grass spikeletN PicsP